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IPSYNTAX.HLP
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1991-09-04
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In STAGES, cell types are identified by the abbreviations below.
For each species, under the `Show Cell Sequence Data' option, the cell
types are arranged according to their associations within stages. The
syntax to identify a cell is <type>-<stage>: <type> is the cell's type,
and <stage> is the cell's stage; e.g., S7-7 refers to round spermatid
step 7 (`S7'), found in Stage VII of the Sprague-Dawley Rat cycle.
A = type A spermatogonium
As = type A stem cell
Apr = paired type A spermatogonium
Aal = aligned type A spermatogonium
Ad = dark spermatogonium type A - stem cell
Ap, Ap1, Ap2 = pale spermatogonium type A - committed stem cell
A1-A4 = 1 - 4 type A spermatogonia
I = intermediate spermatogonium
B = type B spermatogonium
B1-B3 = 1 - 3 type B spermatogonia
PL = preleptotene spermatocyte
L = leptotene spermatocyte
Z = zygotene spermatocyte
P = pachytene spermatocyte
D = diplotene/diakinetic spermatocyte
M1, M2 = meiotic pachytene spermatocyte
SS = secondary spermatocyte
S1-S19 = 1 - 19 spermatids
The following is an example of the cellular association in the
spermatogenic cycle of the rat.
Cells
S15 S16 S16 S17 S17 S18 S19 S19
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14
P P P P P P P P P P P P D M1/SS/M2
A4 I I I/B B B/PL PL PL L L L Z Z P
Aal Aal Aal Aal Aal Aal Aal A1 A1 A2 A2 A2 A3 A3
As As As As As As As As As As As As Apr Apr
As As
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Stages
Most of the data used for the cellular associations within stages
were taken directly from the references. (See the `Bibliographic
References' option at the General Menu.) In a few cases, however,
the cell types and stage durations were estimated after reading
several sources. There is some disagreement in the literature over
exact stages in certain species. We have attempted to use the most
widely accepted stage data, but it should be pointed out that there
are two different models concerning the differentiation of
spermatogonia, the Clermont and the Huckins (see 'Bibliographic
References').
In the rat and mouse, we use "As" to represent the stem cell
spermatogonium, the "Apr" and "Aal" as undifferentiated
spermatogonia (after Huckins), and the A1-A4 cells as the
differentiated cells (after Clermont). "As" or "Ad" are used as
the undifferentiated stem cells in all the species contained in
STAGES. However, "Apr" (paired) and "Aal" (aligned) spermatogonia
have not been identified for all species.
The As and Apr spermatogonia do not divide synchronously within
the cycle; therefore, as presented, the STAGES program uses a best
estimate of the linear sequence of the undifferentiated and stem
cell spermatogonia in all the animals.